12 Common Myths You Subconsciously Believe
Throughout history, certain myths and misconceptions have woven their way into the fabric of society. These beliefs often persist because they are passed down through generations, reinforced by anecdotal evidence, or simply because they offer convenient explanations for complex phenomena. Despite being debunked by science and research, these myths remain stubbornly entrenched in our collective consciousness. Here are 12 common myths you might subconsciously believe and the truths behind them.
1. We Only Use 10% of Our Brains
One of the most pervasive myths is that humans only use 10% of their brains. This misconception suggests that if we could unlock the remaining 90%, we would achieve extraordinary cognitive abilities. However, neuroscience has shown that we use virtually every part of the brain, and most of it is active almost all the time, even when we’re at rest. Brain imaging techniques like PET scans and MRI have revealed that our entire brain is involved in various functions, ranging from basic motor skills to complex thinking processes.
2. Shaving Causes Hair to Grow Back Thicker
Many people believe that shaving causes hair to grow back thicker and darker. This myth likely persists because shaved hair has a blunt tip, which can feel coarser than the naturally tapered ends of unshaven hair. However, shaving does not change the thickness, color, or rate of hair growth. These characteristics are determined by genetics and hormones. As the hair grows out, it regains its natural texture and appearance.
3. Eating Carrots Improves Your Eyesight
The idea that eating carrots can significantly improve your eyesight originates from a World War II propaganda campaign. The British Royal Air Force promoted this myth to explain why their pilots had improved night vision, attributing it to a diet rich in carrots, to cover up the use of radar technology. While carrots are rich in beta-carotene, which is essential for eye health, consuming them won’t give you superhuman vision. A balanced diet with a variety of nutrients is necessary for maintaining good eyesight.
4. Cracking Your Knuckles Causes Arthritis
Many people avoid cracking their knuckles due to the belief that it can lead to arthritis. This myth likely originated from the discomfort some people feel when hearing the cracking sound. However, research has shown no direct link between knuckle cracking and arthritis. The sound is caused by the release of gas bubbles from the synovial fluid in the joints, and while excessive cracking can lead to some hand swelling and decreased grip strength, it does not cause arthritis.
5. Humans Swallow Eight Spiders a Year While Sleeping
This unsettling myth suggests that, on average, humans swallow eight spiders per year while they sleep. This claim is not only false but highly unlikely. Spiders are not inclined to crawl into the mouths of sleeping humans. They are more likely to avoid humans due to vibrations and the presence of a warm, moist environment. This myth likely originated as a prank or an exaggerated fear.
6. Goldfish Have a Three-Second Memory
The belief that goldfish have a memory span of only three seconds is widely accepted but incorrect. Studies have shown that goldfish have a memory span that can last weeks or even months. They can learn and remember simple tasks, recognize their owners, and even be trained to perform tricks. This myth may persist because of the simplistic view of fish behavior and their small brain size.
7. Bulls Get Angry When They See Red
The idea that bulls become enraged by the color red is a misconception perpetuated by bullfighting traditions. Bulls, like other cattle, are colorblind to red. They are actually reacting to the movement of the matador’s cape, not its color. Bulls are more sensitive to the motion of objects, which is what triggers their aggression during bullfights.
8. You Can Catch a Cold from Being Cold
The common belief that exposure to cold weather causes colds is not entirely accurate. Colds are caused by viruses, particularly the rhinovirus, and not by cold temperatures. However, cold weather can indirectly increase the likelihood of catching a cold because people tend to stay indoors in close proximity to each other, facilitating the spread of viruses. Additionally, dry winter air can dry out the nasal passages, making them more susceptible to infection.
9. Sugar Makes Kids Hyperactive
Many parents believe that sugar causes hyperactivity in children, especially during events like birthday parties or Halloween. However, scientific studies have shown no consistent link between sugar consumption and hyperactivity. The excitement of the occasion and the environment are more likely to contribute to the children’s behavior. The myth persists because of the noticeable change in behavior that coincides with sugar consumption, leading to a false association.
10. Lightning Never Strikes the Same Place Twice
This myth suggests that once a location has been struck by lightning, it won’t be struck again. In reality, lightning can and often does strike the same place multiple times, especially tall, isolated structures like skyscrapers and towers. The Empire State Building, for example, is struck by lightning about 20 times per year. The likelihood of multiple strikes is due to the structure’s height and prominence, which makes it a prime target for lightning.
11. Bats Are Blind
The saying “blind as a bat” is misleading. Bats are not blind; in fact, most bats have good eyesight adapted to their lifestyle. While it’s true that many species of bats rely on echolocation to navigate and hunt in the dark, they also use their vision, especially in low-light conditions. Fruit bats, for example, have excellent vision that helps them locate food. The myth likely arises from the bats’ use of echolocation, which is often misunderstood as a substitute for vision.
12. Humans Have Five Senses
The traditional belief that humans have only five senses—sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell—is an oversimplification. In reality, humans possess a range of additional senses, such as proprioception (sense of body position), equilibrioception (sense of balance), thermoception (sense of temperature), nociception (sense of pain), and interoception (awareness of internal bodily states). These senses play crucial roles in our perception of the world and our interaction with the environment.
The Persistence of Myths
Myths and misconceptions persist for various reasons. They often provide simple explanations for complex phenomena, offer comfort in uncertain situations, or arise from cultural traditions and historical contexts. The spread of misinformation through media, anecdotes, and even educational systems can also reinforce these beliefs.
The Importance of Critical Thinking
To combat the persistence of myths, it is essential to cultivate critical thinking and encourage scientific literacy. Questioning commonly accepted beliefs, seeking evidence-based information, and being open to new knowledge can help dispel misconceptions. By understanding the truths behind these myths, we can make more informed decisions and promote a more accurate understanding of the world around us.
In conclusion, while these 12 common myths may seem harmless, they highlight the importance of questioning the information we encounter and seeking out factual, evidence-based knowledge. By doing so, we can break free from the hold of these misconceptions and foster a more enlightened and informed society.