The term “غضروف الظهر” translates to “intervertebral disc” in English. These discs are cushion-like structures located between the vertebrae of the spine. They consist of a tough outer layer called the annulus fibrosus and a gel-like inner core called the nucleus pulposus. Intervertebral discs play a crucial role in the spine’s flexibility, shock absorption, and overall spinal health.
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Intervertebral discs are essential components of the spine, serving several key functions. They act as shock absorbers, cushioning the vertebrae from the impact of everyday activities like walking, running, and jumping. Additionally, they contribute to the spine’s flexibility, allowing for various movements such as bending, twisting, and stretching.
The structure of an intervertebral disc consists of two main parts: the annulus fibrosus and the nucleus pulposus. The annulus fibrosus is the tough, outer layer of the disc, composed of several layers of fibrous tissue. It surrounds and contains the nucleus pulposus, which is a gel-like substance at the center of the disc.
As a person ages, the intervertebral discs undergo changes that can affect their function and structure. The discs lose some of their water content, making them less flexible and more prone to damage. This can lead to conditions such as disc degeneration, where the discs may bulge or herniate, putting pressure on nearby nerves and causing pain or discomfort.
Various factors can contribute to the degeneration of intervertebral discs, including aging, genetics, injury, and lifestyle choices such as smoking and lack of exercise. Treatment for disc-related issues can vary depending on the severity of the condition but may include rest, physical therapy, medication, or in severe cases, surgery.
Overall, intervertebral discs are vital for maintaining a healthy spine and enabling proper movement and function. Understanding their structure and function can help individuals take steps to protect their spinal health and reduce the risk of disc-related problems.